Density density is fundamental physical property of oil. Solid lubricants solid phase often placed in between bearing surfaces undergo more shear than. Considers applications of lubricants in hydraulics, gears and combustion engines. Elastohydrodynamic lubrication properties and friction behaviors of.
Oils that operate over a wide temperature range need vi improvers. Many special lubricant properties, such as high viscosity indices, very low. Whenever products appear to have similar properties, we highlight the differences in. Meaning of lubrication friction is created when there is. Act as a cooling fluid removing the heat produced by friction or from external sources. They are much better than ordinary lubricants because they can work under extreme conditions.
Chemical character of marine heavy fuel oils and lubricants. The authors take into account the interdisciplinary character of the field, considering aspects of engineering, materials science, chemistry, health and safety. Since the wettability is usually directly related to the surface tension c. Viscosity is more commonly known as resistance to flow. Basics of lubricants lubrication free download as powerpoint presentation. A study of enhancement of the properties of lubricant oil ahmed n. The requirements that lubricants need to satisfy generally consist of the following.
Typical lubricants often consist of 90% base oil usually petroleum fractions called mineral oils and 10% or fewer additives. This completely revised second edition incorporates the latest data available and reflects the knowledge of one of the largest companies active in the business. Tig xp5 metalworking dedicated to the metalworking industries. Easily share your publications and get them in front of issuus.
Automotive lubricants reference book sae international. Fundamentals of lubricants and lubrication scientific spectator. It should be low to allow the flow of lubricant at low temperature to the oil pump. High viscosity implies a high resistance to flow while a low viscosity indicates a low resistance to flow. Longer equipment life insuring the projected life of equipment is important. To subscribe to our enewsletter and receive regular updates, simply follow the link below and fill in your details. Changes with temperature, decreasing temperature increases viscosity. Tribology is defined as the science and technology of interacting surfaces. This paper reports a series of studies on the lubricant properties, elastohydrodynamic film thickness, and coefficients of friction of several. Comparative chart for industrial lubricants iso vg nlgi gulf bp mobil total shell vorta 32 compressor oil 32 energol rcr 32 rarus 424 dacnis vs 32 corena h 32 compreo 32 46 compressor oil 46 energol rcr 46 rarus 425 dacnis vs 46 corena h 46 compreo 46 68 compressor oil 68 energol rcr 68 rarus 426 dacnis vs 68 corena h 68 compreo 68 100. Lubricating grease is a semi solid, consisting of a soap dispersed throughout liquid lubricating oil. Prolonging equipment life beyond projection is the stuff heros are made of. They are balanced formulations of a glycolwater base thickened with a water soluble. Wroclaw university of technology marek kula zynski fuels and lubricants chemistry.
The lubricating properties of ow emulsions with low oil concentration were investigated using the tribological testers and the thin film interferometry based on. The comments above are excerpts from customer letters in our files. Pdf to improve the oilsolubility of nanoparticles, a new technology was used to prepare a kind of lubricant containing titanium dioxide tio2. Request pdf physical properties of lubricants the fundamental physical properties of a lubricant that determine its lubrication and performance. Ky jelly personal lubricant, rcprep, file eze, file rite, endoprep gel, endosure prep creme 15%, preprite, glyde, slickgel es and alpha glide were selected and compared in their antimicrobial. Types of lubricants lm systems mainly use grease or sliding surface oil for their lubricants. In general, this work provides an indepth analysis of several key properties that govern the functionality of surface and bulk lubricants. Physical properties of lubricants valvolinecummins. Introduction to properties and performance provides an easy to understand overview of tribology and lubricant chemistry. Properties and performance of gasexpanded lubricants in tilting. The property of reducing friction is known as lubricity.
Southwestern petroleum europe southwestern petroleum canada member member products of spx. Solid lubricants, such as mos2, can be used in application where there are very extreme loading conditions that create temperatures too high for traditional sulphur phosphorus ep additives. Choose file properties, click the description tab, and then click additional metadata. Lubrication properties technology transfer services. The files will be publicly downloadable or emailed, and i do not want any user of any os windows, mac, linux. Physical properties of lubricants request pdf researchgate. Issuu is a digital publishing platform that makes it simple to publish magazines, catalogs, newspapers, books, and more online. Beyond reducing friction between moving surfaces, lubricants also serve to transport foreign particles and distribute heat. Properties of lubricants lubricant viscosity free 30day trial. They are the lubricants that are prepared in laboratory. An introduction to lubricants basic lubrication principles this article serves to be a practical guide to lubricants and lubrication. Ucon lubricant and contain additives to improve lubrication properties and. Northern lubricants and services ltd free company information from companies house including registered office address, filing history, accounts, annual.
The aim of this study is to make enhancements on the lubricant oil properties because of its importance in the. Functionality of lubricants is defined by their chemical structure and their physical properties. Physical properties of lubricants valvoline technical services page 1 following are the important properties of a lubricant. Hm properties complemented by a high viscosity index, for use of the fluid over a wide. Application area lithon grades meet the requirements of all industrial grease applications for plain and antifriction. Please note that any personal data captured during this enquiry is solely for the purpose of the enquiry, on the gdpr legal basis of legitimate interest, and that the data will not be shared or used for any other purpose including marketing. Southwestern petroleum corporation fort worth, texas phone. Boundary lubrication and lubricants seiichro hironaka school of engineering, tokyo institute of technology 1.
Northern lubricants and services ltd filing history. Lubricants must have the following main characteristics. With each test description there is a note on any relevant additives or classification systems. Mnl59 astm international 100 barr harbor drive po box c700 west conshohocken, pa 194282959 printed in the u. A lubricant is a substance introduced to reduce frictional force and heat generation between the surfaces in mutual contact, when the surfaces move. Physical properties of oil viscosity the viscosity of an oil is a measure of the oils resistance to shear. The lubricant should not react with surfaces and any deposit in the cylinder. Introduction to properties and performance is a comprehensive reference for industry practitioners tribologists, lubricant technicians, and lubricant chemists, etc and is also an excellent source of information for graduate and undergraduate students. Lubricants wiley online books wiley online library. Using lubricants helps to reduce this friction, allowing more work to be done for the same amount of energy input, lowering the temperatures of the materials in contact, and greatly extending the lifespan of the moving equipment. Preface it gives me immense pleasure in presenting the presentation of lubricants. New fuels and lubricants properties, emissions, and engine. The proper selection and application of lubricants will hopefully be made simpler if a little of the basic theory is understood.
Mohammed chemical and petrochemical engineering department, university of anbar, iraq. Lubricants may contain polar additives known as friction modifiers that chemically bind to metal surfaces to reduce surface friction even when there is insufficient bulk lubricant present for hydrodynamic lubrication, e. They are waterresistant and are corrosion inhibited. Automotive lubricants reference book second edition list of chapters chapter 1introduction and fundamentals 1. When one surface moves over another, there is always some resistance. It is measured at specific temperature by hydrometer or automatic density meter. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Pdf properties of lubricants and lubrication hanif dewan. The contact angle among all mql fluids ranged from 8. Pdf lubricating properties of oilinwater emulsion with low oil. Introduction the term tribology has been used for 18 years to refer to the branch of engineering that deals with friction, wear, and lubrication.
Introduction properties of crude oils and oil products vii during any oil spill incident, the properties of the spilled oil must be known immediately. The lubricating oil should not burn inside the cylinder, otherwise it will leave heavy deposit and poisonous exhaust. The liquid lubricant may be petroleum oil or even synthetic oil and it may contain any of the additives for specific requirements. The temperatureviscosity response of liquid lubricants was also investigated to understand the. Additives that inhibit the formation of foam from the churning of air in the component by.
Gives thorough information on science of lubrication technology. A study of enhancement of the properties of lubricant oil. It may also have the function of transmitting forces, transporting foreign particles, or heating or cooling the surfaces. Lubricants are a combination of the base oil and the additives and the specific combination depends on the properties of both. To save the metadata to an external file, click save and name the file. Environment in water, soil without yielding harmful substances by action of micro organism and also act as lubricants. Lubricants and lubrication from the well to the applications. George, i use windows 7 that purportedly allows the removal of any computerpersonal information from any type of file including the all important pdf files following the procedure that i described in my original posting. Well email you at these times to remind you to study. Unfortunately, the properties routinely measured by oil producers and refiners are not the ones that onscene commanders need to know most urgently. The first part of the book is theoretical and provides an introduction to tribological contact, friction, wear and lubrication, as well as the basic concepts regarding properties and the most commonly made. We love letting people know whats happening at fuchs. Lubricant properties whenever an object moves against another object, friction will be present, turning kinetic energy into heat and causing equipment to wear. It is the resistance offered by liquid towards its flow.
Basics of lubrication are covered by organic chemistry to a major. Group 3 nishanth n nikhil ps harikrishnan k krishnadev u abdul basith pa 2. The result is a volume providing chemists and engineers with a clear. Greases are prepared by saponification of fat such as tallow or fatty. Synthetic liquids or vegetable oils are sometimes used as base oils as well. A lubricant is a substance, usually organic, introduced to reduce friction between surfaces in mutual contact, which ultimately reduces the heat generated when the surfaces move. Oct, 2015 a lubricant is a substance introduced to reduce frictional force and heat generation between the surfaces in mutual contact, when the surfaces move. Lubricating oils reduce friction and wear between two movingsliding metallic surfaces by. Oil properties and their impact on spill response options. It is critical to understand both how oil properties change over time, and how the effectiveness of response options change as a function of oil properties. The subject matter contained in the presentation is written in a comprehensive, easy to understand language and lucid style. High performance lubricants provide a greater degree of protection which means longer time between routine parts replacement and rebuilds. Understanding surface and bulk properties of lubricants. Keep surfaces separate under all loads, temperatures and speeds, thus minimizing friction and wear.
Turbine oils need good demulsibility while wheel bearing greases need emulsibility. These are superior multipurpose greases, developed to meet the varied requirements of bearing manufacturers. Extreme pressure lubricants interact with metal surfaces in a chemical process, at molecular level, to create a protective compound which increases the thermal stability of metal surfaces. Lubrication solutions for industrial applications total raffinage. Pdf tribological properties of the lubricant containing. Lecturer, mohd hanif dewan senior engg lecturer international maritime.